The enhancement of COVID - 19 vaccines will be a hot topic of discussion recently. The idea of boosting the vaccine is part of increasing antibodies against SARS – CoV – 2. However, it is still unknown how antibody levels correlate with the level of protection against infection.
Now, by measuring the number of antibodies against the spike protein of SARS – CoV – 2 in participants in the phase III trial of the Moderna COVID – 19 vaccine, scientists found that the higher the antibody level the greater the protection against COVID – 19.
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Nghiên cứu này được công bố trên tạp chí Science, tên bài báo: “Immune correlates analysis of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial.”
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The results help define “correlates of protection,” or molecular benchmarks that measure the level of immunity needed to fight infection, and could lead to approval decisions for COVID-19 mRNA vaccines and other vaccines. other vaccines. Correlates of immune markers of protection can be effectively used to reliably predict the effectiveness of vaccines against infections such as SARS – CoV – 2. Therefore, They are widely used in vaccine research, identifying and validating correlates of protection, accelerating clinical evaluation and regulatory approval of existing vaccines for new populations, vaccine regimen modifications and for new vaccines. Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and binding antibodies (bAbs) have been established as a protective correlate of vaccines against many viral diseases. The hypothesis that antibodies, whether produced by infection or by vaccines containing spike proteins, are associated with protection against COVID-19 is supported by a variety of evidence.
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Here, following previous assessments by different groups in primates, each antibody signature was correlated with SARS – CoV – 2 replication in vaccinated Rhesus Macaques. Peter Gilbert, PhD, assistant professor of biostatistics and bioinformatics, epidemiology program in the division of vaccines and infectious diseases at Fred Hutch, and colleagues evaluated whether SARS – CoV – antibody markers 2 similarities correlated with vaccine protection in a phase III trial of the mRNA 1273 COVID – 19 vaccine.
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By measuring binding and neutralizing antibodies against the virus's spike protein, they found that the higher the antibody level, the more protective the mRNA vaccine was.
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The research team evaluated the anti-spike protein domain, anti-IgG receptor binding domain, and neutralizing antibodies in vaccine recipients for their risk of COVID-19 infection as well as protection. Immune markers were measured at the 2nd injection and 4 weeks later.
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Based on antibody markers, the risk of COVID-19 is estimated to be 10 times lower for people with antibody levels within 10% of the highest antibody levels from people who are negative or have no detectable virus.
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The authors believe that all signs are inversely proportional to the risk of COVID - 19 infection and directly related to the effectiveness of the vaccine. Vaccine recipients after injection had neutralizing antibodies at 50%, dilutions of 10, 100, 1000 were estimated to correspond to vaccine effectiveness of 78%, 91% and 96%. The authors note that these results help correlate immune markers and protection with applications including interim support or approval decisions for mRNA COVID – 19 vaccines. and potentially with other COVID – 19 vaccines.
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Translator: Thanh Long – Phacogen Institute of Technology,
Bachelor of Biotechnology - University of Natural Sciences - Hanoi National University
Source of article:
https://www.genengnews.com/news/modernas-covid-19-vaccine-more-antibodies-means-more-protection/
